教师资格考试：英语——副词的使用

一、副词的定义

副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。

二、副词的分类

（一） 时间和频度副词:

now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.

（二） 地点副词:

here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back,

forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.

（三）  方式副词:

carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly.

（四） 程度副词:

much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost,slightly.

（五）  疑问副词:

how, when, where, why.

（六） 关系副词:

when, where, why.

（七） 连接副词:

how, when, where, why, whether.

三、副 词 的 用 法

副词在句中可作状语,表语,短语。

He works hard. 他工作努力。

You speak English quite well. 你英语讲的很好。

Is she in ? 她在家吗?

Let's be out. 让我们出去吧。

Food here is hard to get. 很难弄到食物。

四、副词的位置

（一）多数副词都可以放在动词的后面，如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面

I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。

He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天给了我一件礼物。

She didn't drink water enough. 她没喝够水。

The train goes fast. 火车跑得快。

He has a new cat on today. 他今天戴了一顶新帽子。

I have seen this film twice with my friends. 我和朋友一起看过两次这部电影。

（二）副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。

It's rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。

He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。

It's rather difficult to tell who is right. 很难说谁是对的。

It's so important that I must tell my friend. 这件事太重要了，我得告诉我朋友。

It's much better. 好多了。

（三）频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。

I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。

I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。

You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是帮助我。

He seldom comes to see us. 他很少来看我们。

We usually go shopping once a week. 我们通常一周买一次东西。

The new students don't always go to dance. 新学生并不时常去跳舞。

（四）疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。

When do you study everyday? 你每天什么时间学习?

Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗?

First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。

How much does this bike cost? 这辆车子多少钱?

Either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他来。

The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师进教室时，学生们正在读书。

（五）时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。

We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了What were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么?

副词的比较等级

副词和形容词一样,也有它的比较级和最高级形式.可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以词尾-ly结尾的副词(除early)须用more和most 。

hard harder hardest

fast faster fastest

early earlier earliest

much more most

warmly more warmly most warmly

单音节副词的比较级是在副词后面加上-er构成的，最高级是在副词后面加上-est构成的。

near nearer nearest

hard harder hardest

多音节副词的比较级是在副词的前面加上-more构成的最高级是在副词前面加上-most构成的。

warmly more warmly most warmly

successfully more successfully most successfully

有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。

well-better - best little - less - least

Much- more - most badly - worse - worst

far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)

副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法基本一样。最高级形式句中the可以省略。

他比我工作努力。

Lucy gets up earlier than Lili.

露西比丽丽起床早。

He runs fastest in our class.

他在我们班跑地最快。

He dives deeper than his teammates.

他比他的队员潜水深。

It's true that he speak English more fluently than any of us. 他英语讲的确实比我们任何人都好。

Our school team play football best in our region. 我们校队在我们地区足球踢得最好的。